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Subnormal Agglomerates

Description

A subnormal agglomerate is a form of irregular occupation of land – either public or private - owned by a third party, for housing purposes in urban areas, usually characterized by an irregular urban pattern, with scarce essential public services and located in areas not proper or allowed for housing use.  In Brazil, those irregular settlements are known by the names of favelas, invaded areas, slums in deep valleys, slums in low-lands, communities, villages, slums in backwaters, irregular lots, shacks and stilt houses. As a major reference about the Brazilian population’s living conditions in all municipalities and intra-municipal subdivisions – districts, subdistricts, neighborhoods and localities -, the Population Census allows better identification of the subnormal agglomerates. So, it allows one to see their distribution throughout the country and to characterize services related to water supply, sewage disposal, garbage disposal and provision of electricity in those areas, thus presenting to society an update of the scenario of those areas of Brazilian cities that demand special public policies.

About the publication - 2019 - Preliminary results

A Subnormal Agglomerate is a type of irregular occupation of land owned by others – either public or private – for housing purposes in urban areas. In general, they are characterized by a irregular urban pattern, lack of essential public services and location in areas restricted to occupation.

Aiming at meeting the demand of the Brazilian society that is currently facing a major crisis of public health, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the IBGE provides, in a preliminary format, the mapping of the Subnormal Agglomerates. A population with precarious socioeconomic, sanitation and housing conditions usually lives in these areas. As an aggravating factor, many Subnormal Agglomerates have a very high building density, which allows the dissemination of the Covid-19.

As such, it is an anticipation of results, aiming at providing the society with information for fighting against the coronavirus (Sars-CoV-2) pandemic, especially important for those vulnerable areas of the Brazilian cities.

In addition to mapping, the estimate of occupied households for the Subnormal Agglomerates is also being released. This estimate is the amount of occupied households estimated by the IBGE to be enumerated in a given territorial division. This forecast is either confirmed or revised only after the census. The objective is to provide an up-to-date parameter of the size of the agglomerates for the purpose of health policies.

The final results of the Subnormal Agglomerates will be released after the census operation and can be adjusted.

More on the product - 2019 - Preliminary results

Databases

 

Documentation

  • Readme - Description of the file structure
  • Technical notes - Subnormal Agglomerates 2019: Preliminary Classification to fight against COVID-19

 

Interactive panels

Learn more - 2019 - Preliminary results

Esta versão preliminar incorpora atualizações até dezembro de 2019 e é formada por 13 152 Aglomerados Subnormais. Esses aglomerados estão localizados em 734 Municípios, em todos os Estados e no Distrito Federal, e totalizam 5 127 747 domicílios.

O usuário deve atentar às limitações desta base de dados. Em relação à estimativa de domicílios ocupados, o dado tem como ponto de partida os dados do Censo Demográfico de 2010. Para algumas áreas, ocorreram atualizações de campo e, para outras, foram feitas estimativas menos precisas, sempre usando as melhores informações disponíveis. O objetivo primário desta estimativa é subsidiar a operação do Censo Demográfico 2020, oferendo uma informação sobre a ordem de grandeza de cada área para distribuição do trabalho entre os recenseadores. Essa estimativa não é comparável com os resultados do Censo Demográfico de 2010 ou com outras fontes de informações de IBGE.

Podem ser encontradas, nesta versão, diferenças de nome do aglomerado, extensão e sua classificação, pois estes dados ainda serão validados junto às prefeituras por meio de Reuniões de Apoio ao Censo – REPAC durante o processo de preparação do Censo Demográfico 2020. Novas áreas definidas que não constavam em versões passadas neste momento estão sendo atualizadas para permitir uma comparação em futuras divulgações oficiais do Censo Demográfico 2020. Portanto, não é recomendado realizar comparações desta base de dados com publicações de Censos passados.

A quantidade e a proporção de domicílios em Aglomerados Subnormais estão disponibilizadas em quatro escalas: Aglomerado Subnormal, Município, Regiões de busca a serviços de saúde de baixa e média complexidade (resultados preliminares da pesquisa REGIC 2018), e Estados.

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News and Releases

IBGE launches interactive dashboard to help municipalities fight the pandemic

The IBGE launches today (21) the Covid-19 Dashboard by Municipality, with interactive maps that enable...

21/09/2020

Nearly two thirds of slums are less than 2 kilometers from hospitals

Brazil has nearly two thirds (64.93%) of the subnormal agglomerates located less than two kilometers...

19/05/2020

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FAQ

What is a Subnormal Agglomerate?
A Subnormal Agglomerate is an irregular occupation of someone else’s property – private or public – for residential purposes in urban areas and, in general, are characterized by an irregular urban pattern,  lack of essential public services and localization in areas restricted to occupation. In Brazil, those irregular settlements are known as favelas, squatting, grotto, lowlands, communities, villages, floodplain areas, mocambos, stilts, among others.

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